Louisiana During the 1960’s - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 994 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2017/09/16 Category Demography Essay Type Argumentative essay Did you like this example? Brown v. Louisiana During the 1960’s, many African-Americans believed that civil rights should become a national priority. Young civil rights activists brought their cause to the national stage and demanded the federal government assist them and help resolve the issues that plagued them. Many of them challenged segregation in the South by protesting at stores and schools that practiced segregation. Despite the efforts of these groups and Supreme Court rulings that ordered the desegregation of buses and bus stations, violence and prejudice against African-Americans in the South continued (Meyer, F. S. , 1968). In the 1960’s many things were off limits to African-Americans. They weren’t revered as equals and suffered greatly because of it. There’s an unfamiliar case to most that took place in Louisiana that helped shaped the use of public facilities for all people. This case is known as Brown v. Louisiana. The Audubon Regional Library in Clinton, Louisiana, Parish of East Feliciana did not serve blacks. Blacks, at that time, were expected to use one of two bookmobiles. The red bookmobile served whites and the blue bookmobile served blacks. On March 7, 1964, five young African-American males entered the adult reading room and one of the men, Brown, requested a book called, â€Å"The Story of the Negro,† by Arna Bontemps. The assistant librarian checked the card catalogue and discovered that the library did not have the book. She told Brown that she would request it from the state library and he could either have it mailed to his home address or he could pick it up from the bookmobile. After the men had been given the news about the book they sat down quietly. After the men failed to leave the library, the assistant librarian requested that they go. They did not. Brown sat down while the others stood nearby. The assistant librarian then went to the head librarian who requested them to leave as well. Again, they di d not. A few moments later, the sheriff arrived and requested that they leave again, and again, they did not. The sheriff arrested them and charged them with the intention to provoke a breach of peace and failure to leave a public building when ordered to do so (Coates, R. , 2005). The five men were tried and found guilty. Brown was sentenced to pay $150 for court costs or spend 90 days in jail. The four other men were sentenced to $35 for court costs or 15 days in jail. Under Louisiana law, the convictions weren’t appealable therefore; their requests for discretionary reviews were denied. The Supreme Court granted certiorari. A certiorari is an extraordinary privilege injunction granted in cases that otherwise would not be entitled to review. In writing for the majority, Justice Fortas first examined whether the protesters could be convicted for refusing to leave the library. He concluded that they could not since their protest was peaceful and blacks could not be deni ed access since whites were allowed inside as well. He reviewed the conduct of the men and felt that this had no merit either. The state argued that the men were proving their intent to disturb the peace and upset the librarian. Justice Fortas concluded that the arrest was a violation of the men’s First and Fourteenth Amendment rights that guarantee freedom of speech and assembly and the right to ask the government for redress of grievances (Meyer, F. S. , 1968). Justice Black opposed this opinion and took to issue with the majority’s reasoning. He disagreed that the Constitution prohibits any state from making â€Å"sit-ins† or â€Å"stand-ups† in public libraries illegal. Second, Black argued that the previous breach of the peace cases in Louisiana differed from Brown v. Louisiana. Previously there had been several other situations where there were peaceful demonstrations over discriminatory practices. Garner v. Louisiana (1961) involved a sit-in at a lunch counter to protest service for whites only. In Taylor v. Louisiana (1962) blacks again protested the presence of bus depot that was for white customers only. In Cox v. Louisiana (1965) a man led a demonstration near the courthouse and jail to protest the arrest of other demonstrations. Each of the protests, along with Brown v. Louisiana, was all orderly and peaceful and was over discriminatory practices that denied the protesters’ rights that were guaranteed to them under the Constitution. Justice Black opposition was joined by three other justices. They argued that the First Amendment did not guarantee to any person the right to use someone else’s property even that owned by the government and dedicated to other purposes. On Wednesday, February 23, 1966 the decision was made; 5 votes for Brown and 4 against him (Coates, R. , 2005). The young men won! The Court’s ruling in this case, along with the others, proved vital to the Civil Rights struggles and also to the Vietnam War protests that would follow. Indeed, without these rulings the 1960’s and early 1970’s may have been a completely different period in time, especially when it comes to the Civil Rights movement. In the last line of Justice Black’s opinion in Brown v. Louisiana he wrote: â€Å"The holding in this case today makes it more necessary than ever that we stop and look more closely at where we are going† (Meyer, F. S. , 1968). In conclusion, had it not been for demonstrations of this kind, and the Supreme Court granting certiorari there is a strong possibility that none of this would have ever taken place. Oftentimes, it is in a time of pain and suffering that the just shall prevail, and I believe this is no different. There is more work to do but with the Supreme Court being behind you, at least you know it’s not in vain. References Meyer, F. S. (1968, March 1). Western civilization. Retrieved from https://acuf. org/princ iples/p_westernciv. asp Retrieved (2010, August 9) from The Oyez Project, Brown v. Louisiana, 383 U. S. 131 (1966) Coates, R. (2005, October 30). Civil rights during the 1960s. Associated Content, Retrieved from https://www. associatedcontent. com/article/12234/civil_rights_during the_1960s. html Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Louisiana During the 1960’s" essay for you Create order

Essay on An Effective Parenting Style - 993 Words

Parents have a major role in their children lives because of how they decided to raise their children. Parents tell their children what is right and what is wrong. According to the Wikipedia, â€Å"Parenting style is a psychological construct representing standard strategies that parents use in their child rearing.† As parents use the technique to raise their children, they also shaped their value and personality. â€Å"Parenting style considers the balance between two aspects of parenting, namely, control, and warmth† (Ginsburg, Durbin, Garcias-Espana, Kalicka, and Winston, p. 1041). The most commonly heard parenting styles are authoritative, authoritarian, permissive, and uninvolved. Authoritative parenting is the one with most control and†¦show more content†¦Statistically, the number difference for adolescents with authoritative and uninvolved parents is higher than .30. Compare to the according to one of the tables provided by the study, there was no significant difference between authoritarian and permissive parenting; the differences within the two types of parenting is no more than .10 (Ginsburg, Durbin, Garcias-Espana, Kalicka, and Winston, p. 1044). It is a law to wear the seat belt at all time when the vehicle is on the road; however it is not proven by professional that ten out of ten drivers or passenger have their seatbelt on when the vehicle is in action. The same study from American Academy Pediatrics tells adolescents with controlling parent, authoritative and authoritarian, are most likely to wear seat belts (Ginsburg, Durbin, Garcias-Espana, Kalicka, and Winston, p. 1043). As authoritative and authoritarian parents believe that seatbelts are equal to safety (Ginsburg, Durbin, Garcias-Espana, Kalicka, and Winston, p. 1043); therefore, they socialized and hammered the habit of wearing seatbelt into their children’s brain. In contrast, as the result of parents being so uninvolved with their children lives, they were the most likely to risk their life on the road as they are less likely to wear seatbelts when they are in the vehicle whether as a passenger or as a driver. They risk their life two times more thanSh ow MoreRelatedParenting Styles : An Effective Parenting Style988 Words   |  4 PagesParenting style can influence whether a child succeeds or merely survives. The authoritative parenting style may be an effective parenting style in theory, however like communism, it is not as effective in practice. Children need to learn through friendships and develop social skills. Being able to connect to the outside world expand the mind and imagination, giving the children skills that help them think critically. On the other hand, being a permissive parent can also damage the child’s developmentRead MoreParenting Styles : An Effective Method Of Parenting1597 Words   |  7 PagesParenting Styles In today’s society, many parenting methods make their way to the forefront of parenting styles. Among these methods includes tiger parenting, Western parenting, and helicopter parenting. All of these methods are commonly used, even though some of the techniques used may be seen as extreme. There is controversy over which parenting style is the most effective, or which results in the most successful children. As many people believe, helicopter parenting is an extremely effectiveRead More Effective Parenting-Early Development, Various Parenting Styles and Discipline1744 Words   |  7 Pages talk and underlying emotions such as love, trust and happiness. Oppositely parents may also teach their kids, often unknowing of the effects they are causing, distrust, anger, and contempt. Every parent parents differently using various methods, styles, and techniques. Though traditional nucleic family rolls are dying or reversing, maternal influences still tend to be more prominent than paternal influences during the early stages of development. To a young child mothers tend to be more nurturingRead MoreAttachment Theory : An Effective Loving And Attuned Parenting Style1155 Words   |  5 Pageseffects of the absence of a caring maternal caregiver figure on these children who lacked but yet desired attention, love and attunement. In later years, Mary Ainsworth established the idea of secure base or the idea that an effective, loving and attuned parenting style gives the child a sense of freedom of safety to explore the world and environment around them knowing that they can always go back to a secure and safe place, that of the mother or primary caregiver. This type of attachment isRead MoreEvaluating the Most Effective Parenting Styles with Children for Positive Outcomes in the Home and Classroom2221 Words   |  9 Pagesthe Most Effective Parenting Styles with Children for Positive Outcomes in the Home and Classroom. A parent is not only the mom who holds you close for nine months and then many years, or the dad who plays baseball with you, but also someone who is there from the start, guiding you to the right path of knowledge and teaching you how to stay on the right path on your own. For years psychologists have defined ways to correctly support a child to adulthood. Some people conclude parenting their childrenRead MoreEvaluating the Most Effective Parenting Styles with Children: Positive Outcomes in the Home and Classroom. Regina Struga Holy Family University 1754 Words   |  8 PagesEvaluating the Most Effective Parenting Styles with Children: Positive Outcomes in the Home and Classroom. A parent is not only the loving mother who holds you close to her for nine months and then many years, or the father who plays baseball with you and intimidates his daughter’s dates. It is someone who is there for you from the start, guiding you to the right path of knowledge and teaching you how to stay on the right path independently. A parent does not need to have any biological associationsRead MoreParenting Styles And Its Effect On Children Essay1382 Words   |  6 Pageson how we were raised, or how we raise-or plan on raising-our own children. With this said it is undeniable that parenting styles and their effectiveness vary. In research, parenting styles have been split into four categories the authoritarian, authoritative, permissive, and the uninvolved. Within these categories, researches have attempted to map the effectiveness of parenting styles and the positive and negative outcomes of each. Despite the eclectic and commonly erratic nature of family structuresRea d MoreChild Behavior Issues And General Parenting Methods887 Words   |  4 PagesChild Behavior Issues and General Parenting Methods By Moheac Daim | Submitted On September 14, 2011 Recommend Article Article Comments Print Article Share this article on Facebook Share this article on Twitter 1 Share this article on Google+ Share this article on Linkedin Share this article on StumbleUpon Share this article on Delicious Share this article on Digg Share this article on Reddit Share this article on Pinterest Sensible and reasonable parenting techniques demand for manners andRead MoreEssay on Different Methods That Parents Use to Raise Their Children1576 Words   |  7 PagesTherefore, parents need to make wise choices in the way they raise their children. Since authoritative parenting proves to be the most beneficial to children and their development, parents need to adopt the strategies of this style in order to successfully raise their children. The different methods that parents use to raise their children are categorized by experts into four distinct styles – each style determined by a parent’s level of responsiveness and demandingness. Experts define responsivenessRead MoreThe Effects of Parenting Styles on Children781 Words   |  4 Pagestypes of parenting styles: authoritarian parenting, permissive parenting, and authoritative parenting. Authoritative parenting is a parenting style characterized by strict rules, harsh punishments and little warmth. Permissive parenting is characterized by parents who are responsive to their children, but lack rules and discipline. Authoritative parenting is characterized by parents who hold high expectations and set clear guidelines, but are responsive and loving to their children. Parenting styles

Stratman Free Essays

Experiential Exercise 3A Developing an EFE Matrix for Walt Disney Company Purpose This exercise will give you practice developing an EFE matrix . An EFE matrix summarizes the result of an external audit . This is an important tool widely used by strategists . We will write a custom essay sample on Stratman or any similar topic only for you Order Now Instructions Step 1Join with other two students in class , and jointly prepare an EFE Matrix for Walt Disney Company . Refer back to the cohesion case and to Experiential Exercise 1A . If necessary , to identify external opportunities and threats . Use the information in the SP Industry Surveys that you copied as part of Experiential Exercise 1A . Be sure not to include strategies as opportunities , but di include as many $’s , %’s , #’s , and ratios as possible . Step 2 All three-person team participating in this exercise should record their EFE total weighted scores on the board . Put your initials after your score to identify it as your team’s Step 3 Compare the total weighted scores. Which team’s score came closest to the instructor’s answer ? iscuss reasons for variation in the scores reported on the board . Experential Exercise 3C Developing an EFE Matrix for my University Purpose More colleges and universities are embarking upon the strategic-management process . Institutions are consciously and systematically identifying and evaluating external opportunities and threats facing higher education in your state , the nation , and the world . Instructions Step 1Join with two other in dividuals in class and jointly prepare an EFE Matrix for your institution. Step 2 Go to the board and record your total weighted score in a column that includes the scores of all three person-teams participating . Put your initials after your score to identify it as your team’s. Step 3 Which team viewed your college’s strategies most positively ? Which team viewed your college’s most negatively ? Discuss the nature of the differences . Opportunities †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Move into different segments †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Proper inventory management †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Market development in untapped countries. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Reduction in operating costs. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Disney music channel   Ã‚  Ã‚   Benchmarking to improve management practices. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Disney school of management and training †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Online Websites †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Develop more attractions for theme park. Threats †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Security Threats due to terrorism †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Employee retention †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   High compe tition in Media Industry. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Facing fierce competition from Paramount Parks, Universal Studios and Six Flags Theme Parks. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Social and ethnic groups. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Government policies †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   High demanding market in terms of innovation. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Increasing salaries and labor cost. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Recession   Ã‚  Ã‚   Maintain product differentiation. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Tight competition in national and international markets. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Searching, paying and retaining innovative people. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Piracy Recent changes in U. S. , global, or regional economic conditions could have a continuing adverse effect on the profitability of some or all of our businesses. Changes in public and consumer tastes and preferences for entertainment and consumer products could reduce demand for our entertainment offerings and products and adversely affect the profitability of any of our businesses. Changes in technology and in consumer consumption patterns may affect demand for our entertainment products or the cost of producing or distributing products. The success of our businesses is highly dependent on the existence and maintenance of intellectual property rights in the entertainment products and services we create. A variety of uncontrollable events may reduce demand for our products and services, impair our ability to provide our products and services or increase the cost of providing our products and services. Increased competitive pressures may reduce our revenues or increase our costs. Sustained increases in costs of pension and postretirement medical and other employee health and welfare benefits may reduce our profitability. Our results may be adversely affected if long-term programming or carriage contracts are not renewed on sufficiently favorable terms. Changes in regulations applicable to our businesses may impair the profitability of our businesses. Labor disputes may disrupt our operations and adversely affect the profitability of any of our businesses. Provisions in our corporate documents and Delaware state law could delay or prevent a change of control, even if that change would be beneficial to shareholders. The seasonality of certain of our businesses could exacerbate negative impacts on our operations. The Company’s acquisition of Marvel is expected to cause short term dilution in earnings per share and there can be no assurance that anticipated improvements in earnings per share will be realized. How to cite Stratman, Papers

Geological History Of Pa Essay Example For Students

Geological History Of Pa Essay The earth is an ever-changing chunk of rock to put it at the lowest level of comprehension available. This rock that we call home is brewing with billions of life forms and is constantly changing every day. This can be attributed to the various cycles that are at work on this planet of our, from the hydrological system to the rock cycle the earth is an ever changing form. Pennsylvania is just a small part of this system we call our home. Formed millions of year ago by tectonic collisions and molten rock Pennsylvania is a part of the earth full of specially minerals and geological features that stand out as being come of the best in the world. What would our state be with out its coalmines and steel mills. Which of course are only possible through the unique geographic features of our state. The Pre-Achaean, Achaean and Proterozoic Eras. Geologists believe that Pennsylvania was formed by parts of the Laurentian continental crust block. This crust block is made up of many micro plates, which were accreted during the period from about 2.5 billion to 1.0 billion years ago. This was previously part of an even larger crustal block called Rodinia. Geologist believes that PA is full of rocks that were once part of this crustal block. These rocks are known as the Greenville rocks. Greenville rocks are metamorphic rocks composed mainly of gneiss. Some of these rocks are visible in Southeastern PA but most are buried deep within the surface of PA. The Cambrian and Ordovician PeriodsThis is really the period that life started to develop in the state of Pennsylvania. Now how did life star in this state you may ask, well here is how. At the start of the Cambrian period water from the Ocean spread inland across North America. Pennsylvania got in the way of this and was covered with a shallow layer of water which created unique environments for both life as well as the opportunity of new deposition of sediment. This water cover also had a big part in eroding away water channels as well as leaving large deposits of sediment. During the late Ordovician era materials from the arc and the floor of the Ocean were thrust onto the North American plate. This phenomena was called Taconic orgogeny, this played an important part in the development of mountains in PA. This Taconic orogeny created the mountains that lay to the northeast of PA. The Taconic orogeny, which deposited many harmful types of sediment, also saw the end to many life for ms due to this heavy disposition of harmful materials. The Silurian PeriodDuring this period the mountains that were formed by the Taconic orogeny were still a good source of sediments. PA was covered with clastic sediment form these mountains for the first half of this 25 million year period. Sand and gravel composed mainly of quartz were deposited by stream to the eastern parts of the state. There was also quartz sand carried further west and deposited on the beaches and shores. Even today some of this sediment can still be found along the linear ridges of the Appalachian Mountain section of the Ridge and Valley province. In the western part of the state more mud was deposited then anything and even further west was the disposition of carbonate. This was also the time when many rocks were being chemical weathered and creating large amounts of iron, which were later, mined throughout most of the 1800s. The mountains that were created by the Taconic Orogreny were eroded during this time and stopped becoming a source of clastic sediment. In the northwestern part of PA during this time a supersaturated basin had formed with limited circulation. Once this basin evaporated the area was left full of gypsum and halite. This was also a crucial period for life. It saw the first fish appear on the earth. .u909e5852225411cfeddb370cd47987b0 , .u909e5852225411cfeddb370cd47987b0 .postImageUrl , .u909e5852225411cfeddb370cd47987b0 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u909e5852225411cfeddb370cd47987b0 , .u909e5852225411cfeddb370cd47987b0:hover , .u909e5852225411cfeddb370cd47987b0:visited , .u909e5852225411cfeddb370cd47987b0:active { border:0!important; } .u909e5852225411cfeddb370cd47987b0 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u909e5852225411cfeddb370cd47987b0 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u909e5852225411cfeddb370cd47987b0:active , .u909e5852225411cfeddb370cd47987b0:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u909e5852225411cfeddb370cd47987b0 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u909e5852225411cfeddb370cd47987b0 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u909e5852225411cfeddb370cd47987b0 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u909e5852225411cfeddb370cd47987b0 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u909e5852225411cfeddb370cd47987b0:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u909e5852225411cfeddb370cd47987b0 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u909e5852225411cfeddb370cd47987b0 .u909e5852225411cfeddb370cd47987b0-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u909e5852225411cfeddb370cd47987b0:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: How The Simpsons Affects Kids EssayThe Devonian PeriodThis period was a relatively slow time for PA until the end of it. This period saw more deposition of carbonate for a few million more years. It also saw the formation of the Acadian Mountains. These were formed just east of PA when there was a collision between a landmass called Avalonia and Europe. This collision was called the Acadian orogeny. Once these mountains were formed they became a chief source of sediments, which were deposited in the Appalachian basin. The first of these sediments that was deposited became the black and gray shale that extends all the way from eastern PA to western Ohio. Ultimately the Acad ian mountains were completely eroded and the sediment that came from them pushed forward the Appalachian basin to the Ohio border. Much of this sediment can be seen today as red clastic rock. The Mississippi and Pennsylvania Periods: Carboniferous TimeDuring this time period there were really two big events that shaped PA. The first big event during this time period was the large amounts of coal found in PA were created. This coal was created when the sediment supply decreased to the swamps that had formed; the swamps slowly disappeared leaving behind a whole lot of peat. This cycle of peat formation was what is responsible for all of the coal. The second big event in this time period was that it was the last time that marine waters of the Appalachian basin covered any part of Pennsylvania. Instead swamps with huge amounts of vegetation replaced the waters. This vegetation was possible because PA was so close to the equator at this time. This was also the time period when many anima ls started showing up including, amphibians, reptiles and air breathing mollusks. The Permian PeriodThis was a very important time period for PA. The Permian period saw a dramatic change caused by the collision of North America with Africa. This collision is known as the Aleghanian origeny. This collision created the Alleghanina Mountains, which are located on the eastern part of the state. These mountains were eroded and the sediment today can be found in the Piedmont province. By the end of this period most of the mountains were eroded away leaving PA a westward sloping alluvial plain with streams flowing across it. This period also saw a water shortage in PA being that it was in the middle of Pangea. This water shortage resulted in the drying up of the swamps and the death of much vegetation. The Alleghanina orogeny changed PA from a depositional basin to an area above the sea level that was continuously eroded placing sediment outside of the state. The Mesozoic EraThere are three periods to the Mesozoic era, Triassic, Jurassic and the Cretaceous periods. During the Triassic period Pennsylvania was carried across the equator into the Northern Hemisphere. The climate became subtropical to tropical and the rainfall became seasonal. There were also long term wet and dry cycles during the Triassic period, which led to a large amount of erosion during this period. During the Jurassic era magma approached the surface and cooled as dark hard igneous rock. In PA the Mesozoic sediments and diabase are preserved in areas called the Gettysburg and Newark basins. Very little is know about the Jurassic and Cretaceous period in PA but what is know is that a lot of erosion occurred. This was also the period when early drainage systems were established as river flows toward the newly formed Atlantic Ocean. More peat was deposited and the dinosaurs ruled the land. The Cenozoic EraThis was a time period of much erosion of PA. During this time probably all of PA was lowered hundreds of feet. This also meant that the differences between the highest point and the lowest point was increased dramatically. This period also saw the creation of large amounts of ice that slowly made their way into PA covering only a small part of the northern part. This ice movement allowed for significant erosion and deepening of valleys along the ice edge. The ice also scraped and lowered hills. Once the ice started to melt much sediment was left behind and can be seen today along the Appalachian Mountains. This period also saw the first sings of grasses, which allowed for the mammals to take over. .u1689f3c92f83ce8065aa407c71bd9b4d , .u1689f3c92f83ce8065aa407c71bd9b4d .postImageUrl , .u1689f3c92f83ce8065aa407c71bd9b4d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u1689f3c92f83ce8065aa407c71bd9b4d , .u1689f3c92f83ce8065aa407c71bd9b4d:hover , .u1689f3c92f83ce8065aa407c71bd9b4d:visited , .u1689f3c92f83ce8065aa407c71bd9b4d:active { border:0!important; } .u1689f3c92f83ce8065aa407c71bd9b4d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u1689f3c92f83ce8065aa407c71bd9b4d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u1689f3c92f83ce8065aa407c71bd9b4d:active , .u1689f3c92f83ce8065aa407c71bd9b4d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u1689f3c92f83ce8065aa407c71bd9b4d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u1689f3c92f83ce8065aa407c71bd9b4d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u1689f3c92f83ce8065aa407c71bd9b4d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u1689f3c92f83ce8065aa407c71bd9b4d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u1689f3c92f83ce8065aa407c71bd9b4d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u1689f3c92f83ce8065aa407c71bd9b4d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u1689f3c92f83ce8065aa407c71bd9b4d .u1689f3c92f83ce8065aa407c71bd9b4d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u1689f3c92f83ce8065aa407c71bd9b4d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: None Provided Essay PaperLike I had said at the beginning Pennsylvania is an ever-growing system that will probably look completely different 50 million years from now. As the plates continue to move and the continents continue to move with hem one can only guess what is in store next for our state. Hopefully with this you gain a better of idea of what was involved with the creation of PA.